BSGatlas

mreB

BSGatlas-gene-3290

BSGatlas

Description	Information
Coordinates	2860735..2861748
Genomic Size	1014 bp
Name	mreB
Outside Links	SubtiWiki
	BsubCyc
Strand	-
Type	CDS

SubtiWiki

Description	Information
Alternative Name	divIVB
	mreB
	mreB
Category	SW 1 Cellular processes
	SW 1.1 Cell envelope and cell division
	SW 1.1.2 Cell shape
	SW 1.1.7 Membrane dynamics
	SW 4 Lifestyles
	SW 4.3 Coping with stress
	SW 4.3.2 Cell envelope stress proteins (controlled by SigM, V, W, X, Y)
	SW 6 Groups of genes
	SW 6.1 Essential genes
	SW 6.2 Membrane proteins
Description	[SW\|cell shape]-determining protein, forms filaments, the polymers control/restrict the mobility of the cell wall elongation enzyme complex, required for [[protein\|LytE ]]activity, part of the [[protein\|Rod complex]] for lateral [SW\|cell wall synthesis] and control of cell diameter
Function	[SW\|cell shape] determination
Is essential?	yes
Isoelectric point	4.9
Locus Tag	BSU_28030
Molecular weight	35.7896
Name	mreB
Product	[SW\|cell shape]-determining protein

RefSeq

Description	Information
Alternative Locus Tag	BSU28030
Description	Evidence 1a: Function from experimental evidencesin the studied strain; PubMedId: 14588250, 15745453,15922599, 16322744, 16885474, 17064365, 17513368,22166997, 24550515, 27376153, 28589952; Product type cp :cell process
Functions	16.13: Shape
Locus Tag	BSU_28030
Name	mreB
Title	cell-shape determining protein
Type	CDS

BsubCyc

Description	Information
Alternative Name	divIVB
Citation	Biteen JS Intracellular dynamics of bacterial proteins are revealed by super-resolution microscopy. Biophys J 105(7);1547-8 (2013) PUBMED: 24094394
	Carabetta VJ;Greco TM;Tanner AW;Cristea IM;Dubnau D Temporal Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis Acetylome and Evidence for a Role of MreB Acetylation in Cell Wall Growth. mSystems 1(3) (2016) PUBMED: 27376153
	Defeu Soufo HJ;Graumann PL Bacillus subtilis MreB paralogues have different filament architectures and lead to shape remodelling of a heterologous cell system. Mol Microbiol 78(5);1145-58 (2010) PUBMED: 21091501
	Defeu Soufo HJ;Reimold C;Breddermann H;Mannherz HG;Graumann PL Translation elongation factor EF-Tu modulates filament formation of actin-like MreB protein in vitro. J Mol Biol 427(8);1715-27 (2015) PUBMED: 25676310
	Dempwolff F;Reimold C;Reth M;Graumann PL Bacillus subtilis MreB Orthologs Self-Organize into Filamentous Structures underneath the Cell Membrane in a Heterologous Cell System. PLoS One 6(11);e27035 (2011) PUBMED: 22069484
	Dempwolff F;Wischhusen HM;Specht M;Graumann PL The deletion of bacterial dynamin and flotillin genes results in pleiotrophic effects on cell division, cell growth and in cell shape maintenance. BMC Microbiol 12;298 (2012) PUBMED: 23249255
	Dominguez-Cuevas P;Porcelli I;Daniel RA;Errington J Differentiated roles for MreB-actin isologues and autolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis morphogenesis. Mol Microbiol 89(6);1084-98 (2013) PUBMED: 23869552
	Dominguez-Escobar J;Chastanet A;Crevenna AH;Fromion V;Wedlich-Soldner R;Carballido-Lopez R Processive movement of MreB-associated cell wall biosynthetic complexes in bacteria. Science 333(6039);225-8 (2011) PUBMED: 21636744
	Duan Y;Sperber AM;Herman JK YodL and YisK Possess Shape-Modifying Activities That Are Suppressed by Mutations in Bacillus subtilis mreB and mbl. J Bacteriol 198(15);2074-88 (2016) PUBMED: 27215790
	Eraso JM;Margolin W Bacterial cell wall: thinking globally, actin locally. Curr Biol 21(16);R628-30 (2011) PUBMED: 21855003
	Foulquier E;Pompeo F;Freton C;Cordier B;Grangeasse C;Galinier A PrkC-mediated Phosphorylation of Overexpressed YvcK Protein Regulates PBP1 Protein Localization in Bacillus subtilis mreB Mutant Cells. J Biol Chem 289(34);23662-9 (2014) PUBMED: 25012659
	Garner EC;Bernard R;Wang W;Zhuang X;Rudner DZ;Mitchison T Coupled, circumferential motions of the cell wall synthesis machinery and MreB filaments in B. subtilis. Science 333(6039);222-5 (2011) PUBMED: 21636745
	Lee YH;Helmann JD Mutations in the primary sigma factor σA and termination factor rho that reduce susceptibility to cell wall antibiotics. J Bacteriol 196(21);3700-11 (2014) PUBMED: 25112476
	Mirouze N;Ferret C;Yao Z;Chastanet A;Carballido-Lopez R MreB-Dependent Inhibition of Cell Elongation during the Escape from Competence in Bacillus subtilis. PLoS Genet 11(6);e1005299 (2015) PUBMED: 26091431
	Munoz-Espin D;Serrano-Heras G;Salas M Role of Host Factors in Bacteriophage ϕ29 DNA Replication. Adv Virus Res 82;351-83 (2012) PUBMED: 22420858
	Olshausen PV;Defeu Soufo HJ;Wicker K;Heintzmann R;Graumann PL;Rohrbach A Superresolution Imaging of Dynamic MreB Filaments in B. subtilis-A Multiple-Motor-Driven Transport? Biophys J 105(5);1171-81 (2013) PUBMED: 24010660
	Randich AM;Brun YV Molecular mechanisms for the evolution of bacterial morphologies and growth modes. Front Microbiol 6;580 (2015) PUBMED: 26106381
	Reimold C;Defeu Soufo HJ;Dempwolff F;Graumann PL Motion of variable-length MreB filaments at the bacterial cell membrane influences cell morphology. Mol Biol Cell 24(15);2340-9 (2013) PUBMED: 23783036
	Schirner K;Eun YJ;Dion M;Luo Y;Helmann JD;Garner EC;Walker S Lipid-linked cell wall precursors regulate membrane association of bacterial actin MreB. Nat Chem Biol 11(1);38-45 (2015) PUBMED: 25402772
	Swulius MT;Chen S;Jane Ding H;Li Z;Briegel A;Pilhofer M;Tocheva EI;Lybarger SR;Johnson TL;Sandkvist M;Jensen GJ Long helical filaments are not seen encircling cells in electron cryotomograms of rod-shaped bacteria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 407(4);650-5 (2011) PUBMED: 21419100
	van Teeffelen S;Gitai Z Rotate into shape: MreB and bacterial morphogenesis. EMBO J 30(24);4856-7 (2011) PUBMED: 22166997
	Yao Z;Carballido-Lopez R Fluorescence imaging for bacterial cell biology: from localization to dynamics, from ensembles to single molecules. Annu Rev Microbiol 68;459-76 (2014) PUBMED: 25002084
Comment	Review: \|CITS: [22652894]\| Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; PubMedId: 14588250, 15745453, 15922599, 16322744, 16885474, 17064365, 17513368; Product type cp: cell process
Description	cell-shape determining protein
Gene Ontology	GO:0000902 cell morphogenesis
	GO:0008360 regulation of cell shape
Locus Tag	BSU28030
Molecular weight	35.916
Name	mreB

Nicolas et al. predictions

Description	Information
Expression neg. correlated with	BSU31340, BSU32840, BSU31330, BSU32820, new_2950025_2950153_c, BSU28810, BSU32830, new_3220242_3220300_c, new_2078627_2079084, BSU28560
Expression pos. correlated with	BSU28020, BSU28010, BSU28230, BSU01060, BSU41050, new_3049503_3049699_c, new_2528267_2528403_c, new_3127676_3127799_c, new_4214667_4214752_c, BSU00100
Highly expressed condition	(C30) Cellsgrown overnight on LB agar plates at 30°Cwere harvested and used to inoculate pre-warmed minimal medium at OD600 of 0.5 (D. Dubnau, R. Davidoff-Abelson, J Mol Biol 56, 209, Mar 14, 1971). After growth at 37°C with vigorous shaking, cells were diluted ten times in fresh pre-warmed minimal medium and samples were harvested after a period of 30 minutes [C30] , i.e. before maximal induction of competence, and after a period of 90 minutes [C90], i.e. when competence induction was maximal.
	(G135) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(G150) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(G180) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(H2O2) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C. At OD540 of 0.3, the culture were divided into four subcultures and diamide 0.6 mM [Diami], paraquat 0.4 mM [Paraq], H2O2 0.1mM [H2O2] or no oxidative drug [Oxctl] were added to the medium. Samples were taken 10 minutes after addition
	(Heat) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (J. Stülke, R. Hanschke, M. Hecker, J Gen Microbiol 139, 2041, Sep, 1993) with 0.2 % glucose as carbon source (Belitsky Minimal Medium/BMM) at 37 °C with vigorous shaking. Stress was applied to exponentially growing cultures at OD500nm of 0.4. Samples were harvested before stress [BMM]; after a rapid temperature up-shift from 37 °C to 48 °C [Heat]; after a temperature down-shift from 37 °C to 18 °C [Cold]. Ethanol stress was imposed by adding ethanol to a final concentration of 4 % (v/v) and cells were harvested 10 minutes after ethanol addition [Etha].
	(LBGexp) Cells were grown in Luria-Bertani medium (Sigma) supplemented with glucose 0.3 % [LBG] at 37°C with vigorous shaking in flasks. Overnight cultures were diluted 2000-fold in fresh pre-warmed medium and samples were collected during the exponential [exp], transition [tran] and stationary [stat] phases of the growth cycle .
	(Oxctl) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C. At OD540 of 0.3, the culture were divided into four subcultures and diamide 0.6 mM [Diami], paraquat 0.4 mM [Paraq], H2O2 0.1mM [H2O2] or no oxidative drug [Oxctl] were added to the medium. Samples were taken 10 minutes after addition
	(Paraq) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C. At OD540 of 0.3, the culture were divided into four subcultures and diamide 0.6 mM [Diami], paraquat 0.4 mM [Paraq], H2O2 0.1mM [H2O2] or no oxidative drug [Oxctl] were added to the medium. Samples were taken 10 minutes after addition
	(Salt) Cells were grown in Spizizen’s minimal medium (SMM) at 37 °C with vigorous shaking. Salt was added, to a final concentration of 0.4 M to an exponentially growing culture of cells at OD500 of 0.4. Samples were harvested before [SMM] and 10 minutes after [Salt] NaCl addition.
Lowely expressed condition	(BC) Cultures were inoculated from frozen glycerol stocks and grown overnight in LB at 37°C. These cultures were thendiluted, plated onto LB plates, and incubated for 16 h at 37°C. Cells were harvested from plates containing individual colonies [BI] andfrom plates with confluen growth [BC].
	(BT) A fresh colony grown on an LB plate was used to inoculate 10 ml of LB and grown for 10 hoursat 30°C. This culture wasused to inoculate 10 ml of MSgg medium (S.S. Branda et al., J Bacteriol 186, 3970, Jun, 2004) and incubated with vigorous shaking. The cultures in MSgg were diluted to the same extent in 96 wells microtiterplates (5 μl for 1.5 ml of medium) and incubated without shaking at 30°C. Cells from the control cultures were harvested after 24 hours of incubation [BT]. Biofilms were harvested from 96 well plates after incubation for 36 hours [B36] and 60 hours [B60].
	(M40t90) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C with vigorous shaking. An exponentially growing culture (O.D.600 approx. 0.25) was divided: one culture acted as the control [no mitomycin C , M0] while mitomycin was added to the second culture to a final concentration of 40 ng/ml [mitomycin, M40]. Samples were harvested at 0, 45 and 90 minutes after mitomycin addition [t0, t45 and t90].
	(M9stat) Cells were grown in M9 supplemented with glucose (0.3 %) at 37°C with vigorous shaking. The composition of the M9 minimal medium is (per liter): 8.5 g Na2HPO4.2H20, 3 g KH2PO4, 1 g NH4Cl and 0.5 g NaCl. The following solutions were individually sterilized and added (volumes per liter of medium): 1 ml 0.1 M CaCl2.2H2O, 1 ml 1 M MgSO4.7H2O, 1 ml 50 mM Fe-Citrate. Also added was 10 ml of a trace salts solution containing (per liter): 170 mg ZnCl2, 100 mg MnCl2.4H2O, 60 mg CoCl2.6H2O, 60 mg Na2MoO4.2H2O and 43 mg CuCl2.2H2O. Overnight cultures were diluted 2000-fold in pre-warmed M9 medium and samples were harvested during exponential growth [M9exp], at the transition phase [M9tran] and during stationary phase [M9stat].
	(S4) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S5) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S6) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S7) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S8) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(Sw) Exponentially growing cells were spotted on 1 % agar LB plates and incubated at 37°C. Swarming cells were collected after 16 hours.
Name	mreB

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