BSGatlas

epsA

BSGatlas-gene-4018

BSGatlas

Description	Information
Coordinates	3529151..3529855
Genomic Size	705 bp
Name	epsA
Outside Links	SubtiWiki
	BsubCyc
Strand	-
Type	CDS

SubtiWiki

Description	Information
Alternative Name	epsA
	epsA
	yveK
Category	SW 3 Information processing
	SW 3.3 Protein synthesis, modification and degradation
	SW 3.3.4 Protein modification
	SW 3.3.4.2 Protein kinases
	SW 4 Lifestyles
	SW 4.1 Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles
	SW 4.1.2 Biofilm formation
	SW 4.1.2.1 Matrix polysaccharide synthesis
	SW 6 Groups of genes
	SW 6.2 Membrane proteins
Description	extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, putative transmembrane modulator of [[protein\|9B668909E1380B287ACE58561DCF45FC29184D8B]] activity, might activate [[protein\|9B668909E1380B287ACE58561DCF45FC29184D8B]] autophosphorylation and substrate phosphorylation
Function	biofilm formation
Is essential?	no
Isoelectric point	6.07
Locus Tag	BSU_34370
Molecular weight	25.7497
Name	epsA
Product	unknown

RefSeq

Description	Information
Alternative Locus Tag	BSU34370
Description	Evidence 2b: Function from indirect experimentalevidences (e.g. phenotypes); PubMedId: 12970183, 15661000,23378512, 26283769, 28950882; Product type r : regulator
Functions	16.3: Control
Locus Tag	BSU_34370
Name	epsA
Title	modulator of protein tyrosine kinase EpsBinvolved in biofilm matrix formation
Type	CDS

BsubCyc

Description	Information
Alternative Name	yveK
Citation	Dogsa I;Brloznik M;Stopar D;Mandic-Mulec I Exopolymer Diversity and the Role of Levan in Bacillus subtilis Biofilms. PLoS One 8(4);e62044 (2013) PUBMED: 23637960
	Elsholz AK;Wacker SA;Losick R Self-regulation of exopolysaccharide production in Bacillus subtilis by a tyrosine kinase. Genes Dev 28(15);1710-20 (2014) PUBMED: 25085422
	Gallegos-Monterrosa R;Mhatre E;Kovacs AT Specific Bacillus subtilis 168 variants form biofilms on nutrient-rich medium. Microbiology 162(11);1922-1932 (2016) PUBMED: 27655338
	Gerwig J;Kiley TB;Gunka K;Stanley-Wall N;Stulke J The protein tyrosine kinases EpsB and PtkA differentially affect biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology 160(Pt 4);682-91 (2014) PUBMED: 24493247
	Marlow VL;Porter M;Hobley L;Kiley TB;Swedlow JR;Davidson FA;Stanley-Wall NR Phosphorylated DegU Manipulates Cell Fate Differentiation in the Bacillus subtilis Biofilm. J Bacteriol 196(1);16-27 (2014) PUBMED: 24123822
	Oknin H;Steinberg D;Shemesh M Magnesium ions mitigate biofilm formation of Bacillus species via downregulation of matrix genes expression. Front Microbiol 6;907 (2015) PUBMED: 26441856
	van Gestel J;Vlamakis H;Kolter R New tools for comparing microscopy images: quantitative analysis of cell types in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 197(4);699-709 (2015) PUBMED: 25448819
Comment	16.3: Control
Description	modulator of protein tyrosine kinase EpsB
Gene Ontology	GO:0005886 plasma membrane
	GO:0009103 lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process
	GO:0016020 membrane
	GO:0016021 integral component of membrane
Locus Tag	BSU34370
Molecular weight	25.899
Name	epsA

Nicolas et al. predictions

Description	Information
Expression neg. correlated with	BSU36760, new_1413790_1414949, BSU03880, new_2691497_2692644_c, BSU18790, BSU25000, new_3733649_3733734_c, BSU06033, BSU06034, BSU06036, BSU06037, BSU06038, BSU04320, BSU25160
Expression pos. correlated with	BSU34360, new_3529856_3529913_c, BSU24630, BSU34220, BSU34330, BSU34340, BSU34230, BSU34320, BSU24640, BSU34310
Highly expressed condition	(aero) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (E. Härtig, A. Hartmann, M. Schätzle, A. M. Albertini, D. Jahn, Appl Environ Microbiol 72, 5260, 2006) at 37 °C. For aerobic growth, an overnight culture was used to inoculate 100 ml of the synthetic medium to a starting OD578 of 0.05. The culture was then incubated in a 500 ml baffled flask with shaking at 250 rpm [aero]. Anaerobic growth was carried out (i) in the presence of 10 mM potassium nitrate (nitrate respiration) [nit]; or (ii) in the absence of 10 mM postassium nitrate (fermentative growth) [ferm]. The procedure for anaerobic growth was: medium was inoculated to an OD578 nm of 0.1 in flasks completely filled with medium and sealed with rubber stoppers. They were shaken at 100 rpm to minimize cell aggregation. These cultures were inoculated aerobically with an aerobically grown overnight culture. Anaerobic conditions were achieved in the stoppered flasks after a short time through the consumption of residual oxygen. Cells were harvested during the exponential growth phase.
	(BMM) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (J. Stülke, R. Hanschke, M. Hecker, J Gen Microbiol 139, 2041, Sep, 1993) with 0.2 % glucose as carbon source (Belitsky Minimal Medium/BMM) at 37 °C with vigorous shaking. Stress was applied to exponentially growing cultures at OD500nm of 0.4. Samples were harvested before stress [BMM]; after a rapid temperature up-shift from 37 °C to 48 °C [Heat]; after a temperature down-shift from 37 °C to 18 °C [Cold]. Ethanol stress was imposed by adding ethanol to a final concentration of 4 % (v/v) and cells were harvested 10 minutes after ethanol addition [Etha].
	(BT) A fresh colony grown on an LB plate was used to inoculate 10 ml of LB and grown for 10 hoursat 30°C. This culture wasused to inoculate 10 ml of MSgg medium (S.S. Branda et al., J Bacteriol 186, 3970, Jun, 2004) and incubated with vigorous shaking. The cultures in MSgg were diluted to the same extent in 96 wells microtiterplates (5 μl for 1.5 ml of medium) and incubated without shaking at 30°C. Cells from the control cultures were harvested after 24 hours of incubation [BT]. Biofilms were harvested from 96 well plates after incubation for 36 hours [B36] and 60 hours [B60].
	(Cold) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (J. Stülke, R. Hanschke, M. Hecker, J Gen Microbiol 139, 2041, Sep, 1993) with 0.2 % glucose as carbon source (Belitsky Minimal Medium/BMM) at 37 °C with vigorous shaking. Stress was applied to exponentially growing cultures at OD500nm of 0.4. Samples were harvested before stress [BMM]; after a rapid temperature up-shift from 37 °C to 48 °C [Heat]; after a temperature down-shift from 37 °C to 18 °C [Cold]. Ethanol stress was imposed by adding ethanol to a final concentration of 4 % (v/v) and cells were harvested 10 minutes after ethanol addition [Etha].
	(Heat) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (J. Stülke, R. Hanschke, M. Hecker, J Gen Microbiol 139, 2041, Sep, 1993) with 0.2 % glucose as carbon source (Belitsky Minimal Medium/BMM) at 37 °C with vigorous shaking. Stress was applied to exponentially growing cultures at OD500nm of 0.4. Samples were harvested before stress [BMM]; after a rapid temperature up-shift from 37 °C to 48 °C [Heat]; after a temperature down-shift from 37 °C to 18 °C [Cold]. Ethanol stress was imposed by adding ethanol to a final concentration of 4 % (v/v) and cells were harvested 10 minutes after ethanol addition [Etha].
	(LoTm) Cells were grown in Spizizen’s minimal medium (SMM) (C. Anagnostopoulos, J. Spizizen, J Bacteriol 81, 741, May, 1961) with vigorous agitation. The control culture was grown at 37 °C [SMMPr]. For growth at high or low temperatures, pre-cultures were grown at 37 °C, diluted to an OD578nm of 0.1 and subsequently transferred to 51 °C [HiTm] and 16 °C [LoTm], respectively. For the growth at high salinity, the salinity of the medium was adjusted by adding NaCl (5 M stock solution) to produce a final concentration of 1.2 M [HiOs].
	(S2) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S3) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S4) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
Lowely expressed condition	(C30) Cellsgrown overnight on LB agar plates at 30°Cwere harvested and used to inoculate pre-warmed minimal medium at OD600 of 0.5 (D. Dubnau, R. Davidoff-Abelson, J Mol Biol 56, 209, Mar 14, 1971). After growth at 37°C with vigorous shaking, cells were diluted ten times in fresh pre-warmed minimal medium and samples were harvested after a period of 30 minutes [C30] , i.e. before maximal induction of competence, and after a period of 90 minutes [C90], i.e. when competence induction was maximal.
	(G135) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(G180) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(HiOs) Cells were grown in Spizizen’s minimal medium (SMM) (C. Anagnostopoulos, J. Spizizen, J Bacteriol 81, 741, May, 1961) with vigorous agitation. The control culture was grown at 37 °C [SMMPr]. For growth at high or low temperatures, pre-cultures were grown at 37 °C, diluted to an OD578nm of 0.1 and subsequently transferred to 51 °C [HiTm] and 16 °C [LoTm], respectively. For the growth at high salinity, the salinity of the medium was adjusted by adding NaCl (5 M stock solution) to produce a final concentration of 1.2 M [HiOs].
	(LBstat) Cells were grown in Luria-Bertani medium (Sigma) [LB] at 37°C with vigorous shaking in flasks. Overnight cultures were diluted 2000-fold in fresh pre-warmed medium and samples were collected during the exponential [exp], transition [tran] and stationary [stat] phases of the growth cycle .
	(LPhT) Cells were harvested (i) during exponential growth in high phosphate defined medium [HPh]; (ii) during exponential growth in low phosphate defined medium [LPh] (J. P. Muller, Z. An, T. Merad, I. C. Hancock, C. R. Harwood, Microbiology 143, 947, Mar, 1997);and (iii) at three hours after the outset of the phosphate-limitation induced stationary phase [LPhT].
	(S6) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S7) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S8) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(Sw) Exponentially growing cells were spotted on 1 % agar LB plates and incubated at 37°C. Swarming cells were collected after 16 hours.
Name	epsA

Fullscreen (Open in UCSC browser US | EU )