BSGatlas

rocG

BSGatlas-gene-4401

BSGatlas

Description	Information
Coordinates	3880740..3882014
Genomic Size	1275 bp
Name	rocG
Outside Links	SubtiWiki
	BsubCyc
Strand	-
Type	CDS

SubtiWiki

Description	Information
Alternative Name	rocG
Category	SW 2 Metabolism
	SW 2.3 Amino acid/ nitrogen metabolism
	SW 2.3.2 Utilization of amino acids
	SW 2.3.2.1 Utilization of glutamine/ glutamate
	SW 2.3.2.4 Utilization of arginine/ ornithine
	SW 3 Information processing
	SW 3.4 Regulation of gene expression
	SW 3.4.2 Transcription factors and their control
	SW 3.4.2.7 Control of transcription factor (other than two-component system)
	SW 3.4.3 Trigger enzyme
	SW 3.4.3.2 Trigger enzymes that control gene expression by protein-protein interaction with transcription factors
Description	trigger enzyme, glutamate dehydrogenase and effector protein for [[protein\|87BCAE725B02860156D50E1783F6DB68510C811E]]
Enzyme Classifications	EC 1.4.1.2: glutamate dehydrogenase
Function	arginine utilization, controls the activity of [[protein\|87BCAE725B02860156D50E1783F6DB68510C811E]]
Is essential?	no
Isoelectric point	6.28
Locus Tag	BSU_37790
Molecular weight	46.4752
Name	rocG
Product	glutamate dehydrogenase

RefSeq

Description	Information
Alternative Locus Tag	BSU37790
Description	Evidence 1a: Function from experimental evidencesin the studied strain; PubMedId: 9829940, 10468601,12634342, 15150224, 17183217, 17608797, 18326565,20630473, 22178969, 22625175, 25711804, 28193334; Producttype e: enzyme
Enzyme Classifications	EC 1.4.1.2: glutamate dehydrogenase
Functions	16.11: Scavenge (Catabolism)
Locus Tag	BSU_37790
Name	rocG
Title	glutamate dehydrogenase
Type	CDS

BsubCyc

Description	Information
Alternative Name	ipa-75d
	yweB
Citation	Gunka K;Commichau FM Control of glutamate homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis: a complex interplay between ammonium assimilation, glutamate biosynthesis and degradation. Mol Microbiol 85(2);213-24 (2012) PUBMED: 22625175
	Gunka K;Newman JA;Commichau FM;Herzberg C;Rodrigues C;Hewitt L;Lewis RJ;Stulke J Functional dissection of a trigger enzyme: mutations of the bacillus subtilis glutamate dehydrogenase RocG that affect differentially its catalytic activity and regulatory properties. J Mol Biol 400(4);815-27 (2010) PUBMED: 20630473
	Lee YH;Kingston AW;Helmann JD Glutamate dehydrogenase affects resistance to cell wall antibiotics in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 194(5);993-1001 (2012) PUBMED: 22178969
	Stannek L;Thiele MJ;Ischebeck T;Gunka K;Hammer E;Volker U;Commichau FM Evidence for synergistic control of glutamate biosynthesis by glutamate dehydrogenases and glutamate in Bacillus subtilis. Environ Microbiol (2015) PUBMED: 25711804
	Tanaka K;Iwasaki K;Morimoto T;Matsuse T;Hasunuma T;Takenaka S;Chumsakul O;Ishikawa S;Ogasawara N;Yoshida K Hyperphosphorylation of DegU cancels CcpA-dependent catabolite repression of rocG in Bacillus subtilis. BMC Microbiol 15(1);43 (2015) PUBMED: 25880922
Comment	16.11: Scavenge (Catabolism)
Description	glutamate dehydrogenase
Enzyme Classifications	EC 1.4.1.2: glutamate dehydrogenase
Gene Ontology	GO:0004352 glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
	GO:0005515 protein binding
	GO:0006520 cellular amino acid metabolic process
	GO:0016491 oxidoreductase activity
	GO:0016639 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
	GO:0055114 oxidation-reduction process
Locus Tag	BSU37790
Molecular weight	46.553
Name	rocG

Nicolas et al. predictions

Description	Information
Expression neg. correlated with	BSU18470, BSU18480, BSU14960, BSU_misc_RNA_1, BSU_misc_RNA_3, BSU_misc_RNA_6, BSU_misc_RNA_7, BSU_misc_RNA_8, BSU_misc_RNA_9, BSU_misc_RNA_10, BSU_misc_RNA_11, BSU_misc_RNA_12, BSU_misc_RNA_13, BSU_misc_RNA_14, BSU_misc_RNA_15, BSU_misc_RNA_16, BSU_misc_RNA_17, BSU_misc_RNA_18, BSU_misc_RNA_19, BSU_misc_RNA_20, BSU_misc_RNA_21, BSU_misc_RNA_23, BSU_misc_RNA_24, BSU_misc_RNA_25, BSU_misc_RNA_26, BSU_misc_RNA_27, BSU_misc_RNA_28, BSU_misc_RNA_29, BSU_misc_RNA_31, BSU_misc_RNA_32, BSU_misc_RNA_34, BSU_misc_RNA_36, BSU_misc_RNA_38, BSU_misc_RNA_39, BSU_misc_RNA_40, BSU_misc_RNA_41, BSU_misc_RNA_42, BSU_misc_RNA_44, BSU_misc_RNA_45, BSU_misc_RNA_46, BSU_misc_RNA_47, BSU_misc_RNA_48, BSU_misc_RNA_49, BSU_misc_RNA_50, BSU_misc_RNA_51, BSU_misc_RNA_52, BSU_misc_RNA_53, BSU_misc_RNA_54, BSU_misc_RNA_56, BSU_misc_RNA_59, BSU_misc_RNA_60, BSU_misc_RNA_63, new_598065_598153, BSU12400, BSU23960, BSU32070, BSU06650, BSU29430
Expression pos. correlated with	new_3882015_3882097_c, new_3880559_3880739_c, BSU37780, BSU37770, BSU40340, new_4144079_4144300_c, BSU40330, BSU40320, BSU10850, BSU22100
Highly expressed condition	(BI) Cultures were inoculated from frozen glycerol stocks and grown overnight in LB at 37°C. These cultures were thendiluted, plated onto LB plates, and incubated for 16 h at 37°C. Cells were harvested from plates containing individual colonies [BI] andfrom plates with confluen growth [BC].
	(LBstat) Cells were grown in Luria-Bertani medium (Sigma) [LB] at 37°C with vigorous shaking in flasks. Overnight cultures were diluted 2000-fold in fresh pre-warmed medium and samples were collected during the exponential [exp], transition [tran] and stationary [stat] phases of the growth cycle .
	(LPh) Cells were harvested (i) during exponential growth in high phosphate defined medium [HPh]; (ii) during exponential growth in low phosphate defined medium [LPh] (J. P. Muller, Z. An, T. Merad, I. C. Hancock, C. R. Harwood, Microbiology 143, 947, Mar, 1997);and (iii) at three hours after the outset of the phosphate-limitation induced stationary phase [LPhT].
	(M0t90) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C with vigorous shaking. An exponentially growing culture (O.D.600 approx. 0.25) was divided: one culture acted as the control [no mitomycin C , M0] while mitomycin was added to the second culture to a final concentration of 40 ng/ml [mitomycin, M40]. Samples were harvested at 0, 45 and 90 minutes after mitomycin addition [t0, t45 and t90].
	(M40t90) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C with vigorous shaking. An exponentially growing culture (O.D.600 approx. 0.25) was divided: one culture acted as the control [no mitomycin C , M0] while mitomycin was added to the second culture to a final concentration of 40 ng/ml [mitomycin, M40]. Samples were harvested at 0, 45 and 90 minutes after mitomycin addition [t0, t45 and t90].
	(S0) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(T1.0H) Anon-sporulating B. subtilis strain was grown in a modified M9 medium in batch culture (T. Hardiman, K. Lemuth, M. A. Keller, M. Reuss, M. Siemann-Herzberg, J Biotechnol 132, 359, Dec 1, 2007). Glucose was exhausted when the culture reached an OD600 of approx. 10 and this was designated T0 [T0.0H]. 7 samples were harvested at various times before glucose exhaustion [T-5.40H to T-0.40H] and 10 samples at various times after glucose exhaustion [T0.30H to T5.0H].
	(T1.30H) Anon-sporulating B. subtilis strain was grown in a modified M9 medium in batch culture (T. Hardiman, K. Lemuth, M. A. Keller, M. Reuss, M. Siemann-Herzberg, J Biotechnol 132, 359, Dec 1, 2007). Glucose was exhausted when the culture reached an OD600 of approx. 10 and this was designated T0 [T0.0H]. 7 samples were harvested at various times before glucose exhaustion [T-5.40H to T-0.40H] and 10 samples at various times after glucose exhaustion [T0.30H to T5.0H].
	(T2.0H) Anon-sporulating B. subtilis strain was grown in a modified M9 medium in batch culture (T. Hardiman, K. Lemuth, M. A. Keller, M. Reuss, M. Siemann-Herzberg, J Biotechnol 132, 359, Dec 1, 2007). Glucose was exhausted when the culture reached an OD600 of approx. 10 and this was designated T0 [T0.0H]. 7 samples were harvested at various times before glucose exhaustion [T-5.40H to T-0.40H] and 10 samples at various times after glucose exhaustion [T0.30H to T5.0H].
	(T2.30H) Anon-sporulating B. subtilis strain was grown in a modified M9 medium in batch culture (T. Hardiman, K. Lemuth, M. A. Keller, M. Reuss, M. Siemann-Herzberg, J Biotechnol 132, 359, Dec 1, 2007). Glucose was exhausted when the culture reached an OD600 of approx. 10 and this was designated T0 [T0.0H]. 7 samples were harvested at various times before glucose exhaustion [T-5.40H to T-0.40H] and 10 samples at various times after glucose exhaustion [T0.30H to T5.0H].
Lowely expressed condition	(B36) A fresh colony grown on an LB plate was used to inoculate 10 ml of LB and grown for 10 hoursat 30°C. This culture wasused to inoculate 10 ml of MSgg medium (S.S. Branda et al., J Bacteriol 186, 3970, Jun, 2004) and incubated with vigorous shaking. The cultures in MSgg were diluted to the same extent in 96 wells microtiterplates (5 μl for 1.5 ml of medium) and incubated without shaking at 30°C. Cells from the control cultures were harvested after 24 hours of incubation [BT]. Biofilms were harvested from 96 well plates after incubation for 36 hours [B36] and 60 hours [B60].
	(ferm) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (E. Härtig, A. Hartmann, M. Schätzle, A. M. Albertini, D. Jahn, Appl Environ Microbiol 72, 5260, 2006) at 37 °C. For aerobic growth, an overnight culture was used to inoculate 100 ml of the synthetic medium to a starting OD578 of 0.05. The culture was then incubated in a 500 ml baffled flask with shaking at 250 rpm [aero]. Anaerobic growth was carried out (i) in the presence of 10 mM potassium nitrate (nitrate respiration) [nit]; or (ii) in the absence of 10 mM postassium nitrate (fermentative growth) [ferm]. The procedure for anaerobic growth was: medium was inoculated to an OD578 nm of 0.1 in flasks completely filled with medium and sealed with rubber stoppers. They were shaken at 100 rpm to minimize cell aggregation. These cultures were inoculated aerobically with an aerobically grown overnight culture. Anaerobic conditions were achieved in the stoppered flasks after a short time through the consumption of residual oxygen. Cells were harvested during the exponential growth phase.
	(HiOs) Cells were grown in Spizizen’s minimal medium (SMM) (C. Anagnostopoulos, J. Spizizen, J Bacteriol 81, 741, May, 1961) with vigorous agitation. The control culture was grown at 37 °C [SMMPr]. For growth at high or low temperatures, pre-cultures were grown at 37 °C, diluted to an OD578nm of 0.1 and subsequently transferred to 51 °C [HiTm] and 16 °C [LoTm], respectively. For the growth at high salinity, the salinity of the medium was adjusted by adding NaCl (5 M stock solution) to produce a final concentration of 1.2 M [HiOs].
	(LoTm) Cells were grown in Spizizen’s minimal medium (SMM) (C. Anagnostopoulos, J. Spizizen, J Bacteriol 81, 741, May, 1961) with vigorous agitation. The control culture was grown at 37 °C [SMMPr]. For growth at high or low temperatures, pre-cultures were grown at 37 °C, diluted to an OD578nm of 0.1 and subsequently transferred to 51 °C [HiTm] and 16 °C [LoTm], respectively. For the growth at high salinity, the salinity of the medium was adjusted by adding NaCl (5 M stock solution) to produce a final concentration of 1.2 M [HiOs].
	(S4) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S5) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S6) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S7) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S8) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
Name	rocG

KEGG Pathways

Description	Information
Pathway	Arginine biosynthesis (ko00220)
	Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism (ko00250)
	Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism (ko00430)
	Nitrogen metabolism (ko00910)
	Metabolic pathways (ko01100)
	Microbial metabolism in diverse environments (ko01120)

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