BSGatlas

walR

BSGatlas-gene-4691

BSGatlas

Description	Information
Coordinates	4153696..4154403
Genomic Size	708 bp
Name	walR
Outside Links	SubtiWiki
	BsubCyc
Strand	-
Type	CDS

SubtiWiki

Description	Information
Alternative Name	walR
	walR
	yycF
Category	SW 1 Cellular processes
	SW 1.1 Cell envelope and cell division
	SW 1.1.5 Cell wall/ other
	SW 3 Information processing
	SW 3.4 Regulation of gene expression
	SW 3.4.2 Transcription factors and their control
	SW 3.4.2.1 Two-component system response regulators
	SW 6 Groups of genes
	SW 6.1 Essential genes
	SW 6.4 Phosphoproteins
	SW 6.4.2 Phosphorylation on an Asp residue
Description	two-component response regulator ([SW\|OmpR family]), controls cell wall metabolism
Function	control of cell wall metabolism
Is essential?	yes
Isoelectric point	4.88
Locus Tag	BSU_40410
Molecular weight	27.0773
Name	walR
Product	two-component response regulator ([SW\|OmpR family])

RefSeq

Description	Information
Alternative Locus Tag	BSU40410
Description	Evidence 1a: Function from experimental evidencesin the studied strain; PubMedId: 10878122, 12682299,15015732, 15153768, 17307850, 17370266, 18789936,19019149, 21219466, 23199363, 24125693, 26102633,28674376; Product type r: regulator
Functions	16.3: Control
Locus Tag	BSU_40410
Name	walR
Title	two-component response regulator [YycF]
Type	CDS

BsubCyc

Description	Information
Alternative Name	yycF
Citation	Bisicchia P;Lioliou E;Noone D;Salzberg LI;Botella E;Hubner S;Devine KM Peptidoglycan metabolism is controlled by the WalRK (YycFG) and PhoPR two-component systems in phosphate-limited Bacillus subtilis cells. Mol Microbiol 75(4);972-89 (2010) PUBMED: 20487291
	Botella E;Hubner S;Hokamp K;Hansen A;Bisicchia P;Noone D;Powell L;Salzberg LI;Devine KM Cell envelope gene expression in phosphate-limited Bacillus subtilis cells. Microbiology 157(Pt 9);2470-84 (2011) PUBMED: 21636651
	Devine KM Bacterial L-forms on tap: an improved methodology to generate Bacillus subtilis L-forms heralds a new era of research. Mol Microbiol 83(1);10-3 (2012) PUBMED: 22126136
	Dominguez-Cuevas P;Mercier R;Leaver M;Kawai Y;Errington J The rod to L-form transition of Bacillus subtilis is limited by a requirement for the protoplast to escape from the cell wall sacculus. Mol Microbiol 83(1);52-66 (2012) PUBMED: 22122227
	Huang WZ;Wang JJ;Chen HJ;Chen JT;Shaw GC The heat-inducible essential response regulator WalR positively regulates transcription of sigI, mreBH and lytE in Bacillus subtilis under heat stress. Res Microbiol 164(10);998-1008 (2013) PUBMED: 24125693
	Libby EA;Goss LA;Dworkin J The Eukaryotic-Like Ser/Thr Kinase PrkC Regulates the Essential WalRK Two-Component System in Bacillus subtilis. PLoS Genet 11(6);e1005275 (2015) PUBMED: 26102633
	Salzberg LI;Powell L;Hokamp K;Botella E;Noone D;Devine KM The WalRK (YycFG) and σ(I) RsgI regulators cooperate to control CwlO and LytE expression in exponentially growing and stressed Bacillus subtilis cells. Mol Microbiol 87(1);180-95 (2013) PUBMED: 23199363
	Zhao H;Heroux A;Sequeira RD;Tang L Preliminary crystallographic studies of the regulatory domain of response regulator YycF from an essential two-component signal transduction system. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 65(Pt 7);719-22 (2009) PUBMED: 19574649
Comment	16.3: Control
Description	WalR two-component response regulator, phosphorylated;WalR two-component response regulator
Gene Ontology	GO:0000156 phosphorelay response regulator activity
	GO:0000160 phosphorelay signal transduction system
	GO:0003677 DNA binding
	GO:0005737 cytoplasm
	GO:0005829 cytosol
	GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated
	GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
	GO:0035556 intracellular signal transduction
Locus Tag	BSU40410
Molecular weight	27.226
Name	walR

Nicolas et al. predictions

Description	Information
Expression neg. correlated with	BSU11260, BSU18290, BSU10390, BSU32950, BSU33640, BSU23410, BSU17820, new_2245307_2246150_c, BSU10610, BSU21310
Expression pos. correlated with	BSU40400, BSU40390, BSU40380, new_4154404_4154500_c, BSU40370, BSU28590, new_2925027_2925099_c, BSU06330, BSU41020, BSU14270
Highly expressed condition	(Cold) Cells were grown in a synthetic medium (J. Stülke, R. Hanschke, M. Hecker, J Gen Microbiol 139, 2041, Sep, 1993) with 0.2 % glucose as carbon source (Belitsky Minimal Medium/BMM) at 37 °C with vigorous shaking. Stress was applied to exponentially growing cultures at OD500nm of 0.4. Samples were harvested before stress [BMM]; after a rapid temperature up-shift from 37 °C to 48 °C [Heat]; after a temperature down-shift from 37 °C to 18 °C [Cold]. Ethanol stress was imposed by adding ethanol to a final concentration of 4 % (v/v) and cells were harvested 10 minutes after ethanol addition [Etha].
	(G135) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(G150) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(G180) Purified spores were obtained by growing cells in DSM medium (P. Schaeffer, J. Millet, J. P. Aubert, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 54, 704, Sep, 1965) at 37°C for 48 hours after which they were washed ten times in ice cold distilled waterover a period of 5 days. Purified spores were heat activated at 70°C in Tris 10 mM pH8.4 and germination was initiated by the addition of L-alanine 10 mM (A. Moir, J Bacteriol 146, 1106, Jun, 1981). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the culture was diluted with an equal volume of 2X LBmedium and germinating cells were harvested at 135, 150 or 180 minutes after addition of L-alanine [G135, G150 and G180].
	(H2O2) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C. At OD540 of 0.3, the culture were divided into four subcultures and diamide 0.6 mM [Diami], paraquat 0.4 mM [Paraq], H2O2 0.1mM [H2O2] or no oxidative drug [Oxctl] were added to the medium. Samples were taken 10 minutes after addition
	(LBexp) Cells were grown in Luria-Bertani medium (Sigma) [LB] at 37°C with vigorous shaking in flasks. Overnight cultures were diluted 2000-fold in fresh pre-warmed medium and samples were collected during the exponential [exp], transition [tran] and stationary [stat] phases of the growth cycle .
	(LBGstat) Cells were grown in Luria-Bertani medium (Sigma) supplemented with glucose 0.3 % [LBG] at 37°C with vigorous shaking in flasks. Overnight cultures were diluted 2000-fold in fresh pre-warmed medium and samples were collected during the exponential [exp], transition [tran] and stationary [stat] phases of the growth cycle .
	(Mt0) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C with vigorous shaking. An exponentially growing culture (O.D.600 approx. 0.25) was divided: one culture acted as the control [no mitomycin C , M0] while mitomycin was added to the second culture to a final concentration of 40 ng/ml [mitomycin, M40]. Samples were harvested at 0, 45 and 90 minutes after mitomycin addition [t0, t45 and t90].
	(Oxctl) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C. At OD540 of 0.3, the culture were divided into four subcultures and diamide 0.6 mM [Diami], paraquat 0.4 mM [Paraq], H2O2 0.1mM [H2O2] or no oxidative drug [Oxctl] were added to the medium. Samples were taken 10 minutes after addition
	(Paraq) Cells were grown in LB medium at 37°C. At OD540 of 0.3, the culture were divided into four subcultures and diamide 0.6 mM [Diami], paraquat 0.4 mM [Paraq], H2O2 0.1mM [H2O2] or no oxidative drug [Oxctl] were added to the medium. Samples were taken 10 minutes after addition
Lowely expressed condition	(BT) A fresh colony grown on an LB plate was used to inoculate 10 ml of LB and grown for 10 hoursat 30°C. This culture wasused to inoculate 10 ml of MSgg medium (S.S. Branda et al., J Bacteriol 186, 3970, Jun, 2004) and incubated with vigorous shaking. The cultures in MSgg were diluted to the same extent in 96 wells microtiterplates (5 μl for 1.5 ml of medium) and incubated without shaking at 30°C. Cells from the control cultures were harvested after 24 hours of incubation [BT]. Biofilms were harvested from 96 well plates after incubation for 36 hours [B36] and 60 hours [B60].
	(Pyr) A 5 ml aliquot of LB medium was inoculated using frozen culture stocks. After a few hours growth at 37°C, precultures were prepared by inoculating 5 ml of M9 with this LB culture at several different dilutions usually ranging from 500- to 2000-fold. The dilution range was chosen so that one of these precultures had grown to and OD600 of 0.5 - 1.0 after overnight inculation. The chosen M9 medium precultures [at OD600 of 0.5 - 1.0] were used to inoculate 100 mL of M9 medium in 500 mL non-baffled shake flasks to an OD600 of 0.02. Filter-sterilized carbon sources were added separately to the medium M9 at following concentration: D-Glucose 3g/L[Glu], L-Malic acid 4.5g/L[Mal], L-Malic acid + D-Glucose 3 and 2g/L[M+G], D-Fructose 3g/L[Fru], D-Gluconate 4g/L[Glucon], Pyruvate 6g/L[Pyr], Glycerol 6g/L[Gly], Glutamic acid + Succinic acid 2 and 2g/L[G+S]. Where necessary, carbon source solutions were pH neutralized with 4 M NaOH prior to addition to the medium. Cells were harvested during the exponential growth phase.
	(S2) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S3) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S4) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S5) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S6) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S7) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
	(S8) Cells were grown in CH medium at 37°C and sporulation was induced by resuspension in warm sporulation medium as described by Sterlini and Mandelstam (J. M. Sterlini, J. Mandelstam, Biochem J 113, 29, Jun, 1969). The initiation of sporulation was designated T0, the time of resuspension. Samples were harvested at hourly intervals for 6 hours [S0 to S6] for the first set of experiments and for 8 hours [S0 to S8] for a second set of experiments.
Name	walR

KEGG Pathways

Description	Information
Pathway	Two-component system (ko02020)

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